Gum disease develops in stages, and the earlier it is caught, the simpler it is to treat.
- Gingivitis — gums are red, swollen, or bleed when you brush or floss. There is no bone loss yet, and with a professional cleaning plus better home care, gingivitis is fully reversible.
- Periodontitis — gums begin pulling away from the teeth, forming pockets where bacteria collect below the gum line. Left unmanaged, this can lead to bone loss, loose teeth, and eventually tooth loss.
Common warning signs include gums that bleed during brushing, gums that look red or puffy, persistent bad breath, gums that appear to be receding, and teeth that feel loose or shift position. Any one of these is worth a checkup — the earlier gum disease is caught, the less treatment it takes to control.